The Grand Mosque is located on Arabian Gulf Street, across Al-Sief Palace. It is considered the largest mosque of Kuwait. Its area covers 45,000 square meters of which the building occupies 20,000 square meters of space. The remaining area consists of gardens. On the eastern side of the mosque there is a spacious courtyard with a total area of 6,500 square meters. The mosque is designed in accordance with Islamic and traditional architectural heritage and inspired by qualities of Arabic construction both locally and throughout the Gulf. The general structure of the mosque and the minarets are constructed of concrete. The exterior cladding is natural stone in various shades and the interior cladding is marble and natural stone. The mosque has a main prayer court, measuring 72 meters on each side, covered with a dome with a diameter of 26 meters that rises to a height of 43 meters.

The mosque is rectangular in plan. it houses a prayer hall surmounted by a central dome supported on four columns. A patio, six columns deep, separates the prayer hall from the main open court to the south. The open court is surrounded by an arcade that is open to both sides. Two smaller courts are situated to the north and south on either side of the prayer hall. The external walls of the complex are made up of a series of intermediate bays between the main load-bearing structure.