It is located in the area of Tay, at the junction of the Emirates Road and the road to Mleiha. The mosque, its gardens and facilities are built over a total area of 2,000,000 sq ft (190,000 m²). To compare, the King Faisal Mosque, formerly the largest mosque in the Emirate and country, measures 10,000–12,000 m² (110,000–130,000 sq ft). The Sharjah Mosque is open to non-Muslim visitors, with dedicated spaces and pathways defined for them. The mosque is home to a large library that has many original Islamic works. Over 2,200 cars and buses can be parked in the different parking lots of the mosque complex. A rubber track goes around the mosque for visitors who wish to go for a walk around the complex. It also has a souvenir shop, museum and fountains. It is equipped with two ablution areas, and 100 wheelchairs for the elderly.

It can accommodate up to 25,000 worshipers, with an inside capacity of over 5,000 people, 610 of whom can be women. The front hall and side lobbies have a capacity of more than 6,000 worshipers, while the outdoor area can accommodate 13,500.