Numerical Investigations of Indoor Air Quality inside Al-Haram Mosque in Makkah

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The air conditioning applications in mosques are considered as one of the important HVAC applications, which indoor air quality depend on the behavior of the airflow, the distributions of temperatures and relative humidity and concentration of carbon dioxide due to high occupancy load of people. The paper is devoted to numerically investigate the influence of ventilation rate on indoor air quality. The example shown here is Al-Masa’a between Al-Safa and Al-Marwa hills inside Al-Haram mosque located at Makkah-Saudi Arabia. The work focuses on air flow, thermal behavior and carbon dioxide dispersion where large number of people. Five different cases for change in ACH are studied to reveal the impact of changing it on the all people. The performance of the air conditioning system is characterized by airflow patterns, temperature, relative humidity contours and CO2 concentration as well as the most commonly used comfort parameters PMV and PPD based on Fanger’s model. The study is carried out using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation techniques as embedded in the commercially available CFD code (ANSYS 15). The CFD modeling techniques solved the continuity, momentum and energy conservation equations in addition to RNG k – ε model equations for turbulence closure. Mesh sizes used in present work exceeded 4.5 million approximately.

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Publication Year

2017

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Procedia Engineering

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"Reham K.Jaafar, Essam E.Khalil, Taher M.Abou-Deif"

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Language

English

Type

Articles, Journal Article

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